Past Participle
- Is formed from a verb
- Is used as an adjective or for verb tense
- Probably ends –ed, -d, -t –en or –n.
Example:
- His painted [adjective – from “to paint”] skin.
- I have forgotten [verb tense – from “to forget”] my lines.
Past Participle Of Regular Verbs
If it's a regular
verb, the past participle is the
same as the simple past tense. In other words, it is formed like this:
Add "ed" to most verbs:
Add "ed" to most verbs:
- jump > jumped
- paint > painted
If a verb of one syllable ends
[consonant-vowel-consonant], double the final consonant and add "ed":
- chat > chatted
- stop > stopped
If the final consonant is
"w," "x," or "y," don't double it:
- sew > sewed
- play > played
- fix > fixed
If last syllable of a longer verb is
stressed and ends [consonant-vowel-consonant], double the last consonant and
add "ed":
- incur > incurred
- prefer > preferred
If the first syllable of a longer
verb is stressed and the verb ends [consonant-vowel-consonant], just add
"ed":
- open > opened
- enter > entered
- swallow > swallowed
If the verb ends "e," just
add "d":
- thrive > thrived
- guzzle > guzzled
If the verb ends [consonant +
"y"], change the "y" to an "i" and add
"ed":
- cry > cried
- fry > fried
Past Participle Of Irregular Verbs
Example: present past past participle
ring rang rung
wear wore worn
blow blew blown
Example Error Analysis
Explanation : The sentence should be “The food served in this restaurant is delicious”. Is served is incorrect, it should be served (past participle as an Adjective).
Subject is The food and Verb is IS.
2. The plane landed on the deserted runway. (Correct)
Explanation : Subject is The Place and Verb is landed Deserted is pat participle as an adjective.
3. The unexpected guests arrived just at dinnertime. (Correct)
Explanation : Subject is unexpected guests and Verb is arrived
Unexpected is past participle as an adjective.
4. The courses are listed in the catalogue are required courses. (Incorrect)
Explanation : The sentence should be The course listed in the dialogue are required courses. Subject is The course and Verb is are required. Are listed is incorrect, but it should be listed (be past participle as an adjective)
5. The teacher found the lost exam. (Correct)
Explanation : subject is The teacher and Verb is found Lost is past participle as an adjective.
Reference :
